Innovación, competitividad y sostenibilidad en clústeres
Estudio bibliométrico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56162/transdigital526Palabras clave:
clúster, innovación, competitividad, sostenibilidad, agroindustrialResumen
En un mundo marcado por una competencia cada vez más intensa y un ritmo de innovación constante y acelerado, las regiones productivas enfrentan el desafío de mantener su competitividad sin comprometer la sostenibilidad económica, social y ambiental. En este contexto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar, mediante un estudio bibliométrico, la literatura científica sobre clústeres con el fin de identificar tendencias de investigación, enfoques metodológicos, limitaciones y temas emergentes. Se examinó la producción científica indexada en Scopus entre 1991 y 2025 a partir de una estrategia de búsqueda en títulos que recuperó 394 documentos. El corpus se procesó con Bibliometrix y VOSviewer aplicando coocurrencia de palabras clave, cocitación, acoplamiento bibliográfico, citas normalizadas y análisis de evolución temporal. Los resultados revelaron cuatro etapas en la evolución del campo y confirman un núcleo conceptual articulado por innovación, clúster industrial y ventaja competitiva, junto con el ascenso reciente de economía circular, tecnologías digitales y desarrollo sostenible. La trayectoria de la producción y el promedio de citaciones señalan un campo en consolidación, con referentes teóricos firmes y líneas emergentes. A partir de estos hallazgos, se recomienda emplear el Diamante de Porter como lente diagnóstico de la competitividad sectorial y complementarlo con un modelo de cuatro hélices para articular la colaboración entre gobierno, academia, industria y sociedad en el diseño de clústeres con menor desarrollo como el agroindustrial.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Faustino Sergio Villafuerte Palavicini, Jessica Cruz Manzo, Iniria Guevara Ramírez
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